| Water Miscibility |
Percentage of product soluble/miscible in water. |
| Melting point |
Temperature at which a product changes phase from solid to liquid |
| Viscosity |
Resistance of a liquid to flow. Low viscosity = watery. High viscosity: syrupy |
| Vapour Pressure |
The vapour pressure of a liquid is the pressure exerted by its vapour when the liquid and vapour are in dynamic equilibrium. |
| Boiling Point |
Temperature at which a product exhibits a vapour pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure, resulting in that state changes phase from liquid to gas |
| Flash Point |
The minimum temperature at which vapours from a substance will ignite and sustain a flame. Flash Point represents the change from safe to risk |
| Explosive/Flammable Range |
Range of gas concentration (%) in air in which the mixture can produce a fire or explosion when ignited. Upper/Lower Limit = UEL/LEL |
| Specific Gravity/Density |
Is the ratio of the mass to volume of a product.to the mass of an equal volume of fresh water (1,0). |
| TLV |
Treshold Limit Value. Allowed exposure dosis. STEL = Short Term Exposure Limit. TWA= Time Weighted Average (longer period exposure limit) |
| Static Accumulator |
A liquid with an electrical conductivity of less than 50 picoSiemens/metre (ps/m), so that it is capable of retaining a significant electrostatic charge.(Long relaxation time) |
| Inhibitor |
Inhibitor is a substance that stops or slows a chemical reaction, especially an undesirable reaction such as polymerisation, corrosion or decomposition; a negative catalyst |
| Dew Point |
Dew Point is the temperature at which the air is saturated with water. |
| Inert Gas |
A vapour or gas containing insufficient oxygen to support combustion. Inert gas is principally used to control cargo tank atmospheres and so prevent the formation of flammable mixtures. |
| Gas free |
Gas free means that a tank, compartment or container has been tested using appropriate gas detection equipment and found to be A not deficient in oxygen and sufficiently free, at the time of test, from toxic, flammable or inert gases. |
| Mucous Membranes |
Those surfaces of the respiratory system lined with secretion; for example, the inside of the nose, throat, windpipe and lungs. Can also be applied to eyes. |
| Drying Oil |
Natural oils which, when exposed to the air, oxidize to form a tough, elastic film |
| Hardness |
The total concentration of calcium and magnesium expressed in calcium carbonate equivalents |
| Hydrocarbons |
The expression Hydrocarbons is often used to address organic compounds that are detected by the hydrocarbon test. The test detects all non water soluble organics (e.g. oils, pertochemicals and chemicals) |
| Mist |
Extremely small liquid particles, which are suspended in a gas phase. Can be created by highly effective spray nozzles or through condensation of saturated vapour |
| NVM |
Non Volatile Matter. Residues that remain after evaporation of a volatile liquid. Typically reported as the concentration of the non volatile matter related to the total quantity before evaporation. |
| PPM |
Parts per million 1/1,000,000 10,000 ppm = 1% |
| Pitting |
A form of corrosion. Usually pitting appears as little holes (pits) in the steel surface. Stainless steel tank surfaces can have pitting corrosion. The pitting has to be removed mechanically and filled by the correct metal. |
| Volatility |
Volatility describes how easily a substance will vaporize (turn into a gas or vapour). As the temperature is raised, substances become more volatile (vaporizes more easily), raising the potential hazards |
| pH |
pH indicates whether a solution is neutral pH = 7, acid pH < 7 to 1 or basic pH > 7 to 14. |
| MARPOL |
MARPOL Annex I and II are International regulations for the prevention of Marine Pollution. Annex I for Oil pollution. Annex II for Noxious Liquid Substances (Chemicals). Click on Link to see details. |
| NLS |
Noxious (harmful) Liquid Substances. Transport of these substances in bulk is regulated by MARPOL Annex II and the related IBC Code. |
| Saponification |
The chemical reaction that produces soap is called saponification. In this reaction, fat or oil reacts with a strong base (sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) to produce glycerin (glycerol) and soap. |
| Phases |
Solid, Liquid, Gas |
| Persistent Oil |
Petroleum based oil with a considerable proportion of high boiling material. |
| Persistent Floater |
A substance with properties that will form a slick floating on sea water. Noxious liquid substances having these properties require a prewash in certain European areas. |
| Emulsion |
A stable dispersion of one liquid in a second immiscible liquid, such as milk (oil dispersed in water). |
| Colour |
The colour of a liquid is an important indicator of product quality. Different colour scales such as APHA or SAYBOLDT are used as a reference standard |
| Surface Tension |
The force acting on the surface of a liquid, tending to minimize the area of the surface; quantitatively, the force that appears to act across a line of unit length on the surface. Also known as an interfacial force; interfacial tension; surface tensity. Surfactants act to reduce the surface tension of a liquid. The surface tension of water is 72 dyne/cm; a surfactant can reduce this to a value in the range of 30-50 dyne/cm. |
| Detergent |
A synthetic cleansing agent resembling soap in the ability to emulsify oil and hold dirt, and containing surfactants which do not precipitate in hard water. |
| Surfactant |
A soluble compound that reduces the surface tension of liquids, or reduces the interfacial tension between two liquids or a liquid and a solid. Also known as a surfactant. |
| FOSFA |
Federation of Oils, Seeds and Fats Associations Ltd. |
| NIOP |
National Institute of Oilseed Products |
| CIQ |
China Inspection and Quarantine services |